Cosmic dawn refers to a period in the history of the universe, specifically the time when the very first stars and galaxies began to form. This epoch occurred approximately 100-400 million years after the Big Bang, when the universe transitioned from a dark, featureless expanse of gas to a populated cosmos filled with light-emitting objects. Research in this area aims to understand the processes and conditions that led to the formation of the first luminous structures in the universe, as well as their impact on the subsequent evolution of galaxies and cosmic structure. Scientists study cosmic dawn through observations of the most distant and ancient objects in the universe, using telescopes and other instruments to probe the early universe and uncover its secrets.